五教

The five division of Buddhism according to the Huayan School, of which there are two That of [lang id =1028]杜順 Dushun down to [lang id =1028]賢首 Xianshou is

(1) [lang id =1028]小乘教 Hīnayāna which interprets nirvana as annihilation;

(2) [lang id =1028]大乘始教 the primary stage of Mahāyāna, with two sections the [lang id =1028]相始教 and [lang id =1028]空 [lang id =1028]始教 or realistic and idealistic,

(3) [lang id =1028]大乘終教 Mahāyāna in its final stage, teaching the [lang id =1028]真如 and universal Buddhahood;

(4) [lang id =1028]頓教 the immediate, direct, or intuitive school, e. g. by right concentration of thought, or faith, apart from 'works';

(5) [lang id =1028]圓教 the complete or perfect teaching of the Huayan, combining all the rest into one all-embracing vehicle. The five are now differentiated into [lang id =1028]十宗 ten schools. The other division, by [lang id =1028]圭峯 Guifeng of the same school, is

(1) [lang id =1028]人天教 rebirth as human beings for those who keep the five commandments and as devas those who keep the [lang id =1028]十善 as [lang id =1028]相始教 above;

(4) [lang id =1028]大乘破相教 as [lang id =1028]空始教 above; and

(5) [lang id =1028]一乘顯性教 the one vehicle which reveals the universal Buddha-nature; it includes

(3),

(4), and

(5) of the first group. See also [lang id =1028]五時教.

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見五教十宗條。